Cognitive Workload Considerations for Human–Machine Integrated Formations

Author(s):

Craig J. Johnson and Amar R. Marathe

Abstract:

This report summarizes the cognitive workload challenges related to human–machine integrated formation (HMIF) drawing from scientific literature. It specifically addresses four key issues: 1) Individual cognitive load related to user interfaces and human–automation interactions. 2) Team-level impacts of cognitive load that extend beyond the individual operator. 3) Challenges to scaling cognitive demands with multiple autonomous systems. 4) The variability and evolution of cognitive workload and task demands over time in complex environments. Areas for further consideration and specific recommendations are provided for HMIF development—including additional language necessary for requirements documents, measures necessary in professional military education to prepare Soldiers for cognitive overload, and updates to policy (including DoDI 5000.95).