Cohesion in Human–Autonomy Teams: An Approach for Future Research

Author(s):

Shan G Lakhmani, Catherine Neubauer, Andrea S Krausman, Sean M Fitzhugh, Samantha K Berg, Julia L Wright, Ericka Rovira, Jordan J Blackman, and Kristin E Schaefer

Abstract:

Cohesion is an important property of teams that can affect individual teammates and team outcomes. However, cohesion in teams that include autonomous systems as teammates is an underexplored topic. We examine the extant literature on cohesion in human teams, then build on that foundation to advance the understanding of cohesion in human–autonomy teams, both similarities and differences. We describe team cohesion, the various definitions, factors, dimensions, and associated benefits and detriments. We discuss how that element may be affected when the team includes an autonomous teammate with each description. Finally, we identify specific factors of human–autonomy interaction that may be relevant to cohesion, then articulate future research questions critical to advancing science for effective human–autonomy teams.